Mécanique quantique & théorie spectrale

In the 80's, D. Ruelle, D. Bowen and others have introduced probabilistic and spectral methods in order to study deterministic chaos ("Ruelle resonances"). For a geodesic flow on a strictly negative curvature Riemannian manifold, following this approach and use of microlocal analysis, one obtains that long time fluctuations of classical probabilities are described by an effective quantum wave equation. This may be surprising because there is no added quantization procedure. We will discuss consequences for the zeros of dynamical zeta functions. This shows that the problematic of classical chaos and quantum chaos are closely related. Joint work with Masato Tsujii.

After a short survey of results about distribution of resonances for hyperbolic surfaces, I will discuss recent joint work with Frederic Naud and Louis Soares, where we study behaviour of resonances for large degree covers. Using techniques of thermodynamic formalism and representation theory, we prove new existence results of "sharp non-trivial resonances" in the large degree limit, for abelian covers and infinite index congruence subgroups.

We present some results related to spectral properties of functional-difference operators associated to mirror curves of special del Pezzo Calabi-Yau threefolds inc.luding Weyl tyle asymptotics. These operators are $H = U +U^{-1}+V + V^{-1}$ and $H_{m,n} = U +V +q^{mn} U^{-m}V^{-n},$ where $U$ and $V$ are self-adjoint Weyl operators satisfying $UV = q^2 VU$ with some $q = e^{ib^2},$ $b > 0$. We prove that $H$ and $H_{m,n}$ are self-adjoint operators with purely discrete spectrum. In particular, using the coherent state transform we prove the Weyl law for the eigenvalue counting function $N(\lambda)$ for these operators, which imply that their inverses are of trace class.

The mathematics of topological insulators concerns invariants, index theorems and the bulk-boundary correspondence. These concepts and results are explained on the example of one-dimensional chiral systems. Particular focus will then be on the spectral localizer, a recently developed technique to detect non-trivial topology locally in physical space. It makes any kind of index pairing numerically accessible. The associated index-theoretic proof heavily uses fuzzy spheres.

We prove asymptotic formulas of Szeg\H o type for the periodic Schrödinger operator $H=-\frac{d^2}{dx^2}+V$ in dimension one. Admitting fairly general functions $h$ with $h(0)=0$, we study the trace of the operator $h(\chi_{(-\alpha,\alpha)}E_{(-\infty,\mu)}(H)\chi_{(-\alpha,\alpha)})$, as $\alpha\to\infty$, where $\chi_{(-\alpha, \alpha)}$ is the indicator of the interval $(-\alpha, \alpha)$ and $E_{(-\infty,\mu)}(H)$ is the spectral projection of $H$ for the interval $(-\infty, \mu)$.